Mesenchymal cells are a broad category of cells associated with connective and supportive tissue lineages and with stromal functions such as matrix production, structural support, signaling, and repair participation. In regenerative medicine, the term is often used in relation to cells with reparative, immunomodulatory, or trophic activity, but it may be interpreted differently depending on whether the speaker is referring to developmental lineage, tissue residence, culture-expanded cell populations, or product labeling. Because the term is widely used across research, clinical, and commercial settings, precision is important. It is not automatically equivalent to stem cells, and it should not be assumed to mean a uniform cell population with identical potency or behavior across tissues and products.
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